der-, heavy basis derǝ-, drē-

    der-, heavy basis derǝ-, drē-

    English meaning: to cut, split, skin (*the tree)

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘schinden, die Haut abziehen, abspalten, spalten”

    Note: Root der-, heavy basis derǝ-, drē- : “to cut, split, skin (*the tree)” derived from Root deru-, dō̆ ru-, dr(e)u-, drou-; dreu̯ǝ- : drū- : “tree”

    Material: O.Ind. dar- “break, make crack, split, burst “, present the light basis dárṣ̌i, adar, dárt, n-present the heavy basis dr̥ṇǘti “ bursts, cracks”, Opt. dr̥ṇīyǘt, perf. dadǘ ra, participle dr̥ṭa-, of the heavy basis dīrṇ á -, Kaus. dü̆ rayati, Intens. dardirat, dárdarti (compare Av. darǝdar- ‘split”; Cz. drdám, drdati “pluck, pick off, remove”), dardarīti ‘split up”, dara-ḥ m., darī f. “hole in the earth, cave” (: Gk. δορός “hose”, Ltv. nuõdaras “dross of bast”, Church Slavic razdorъ), dŕ̥ṭi-ḥ m. “bag, hose” (= Gk. δάρσις, Goth. gataúrÞs, Russ. dertь), darmánm. “ smasher “ (: Gk. δέρμα n.), next to which from the heavy basis dárīman- “destruction”; - düri- ‘splitting” (= Gk. δῆρις), düra- m. “crack, col, gap, hole”, düraka- “ripping, splitting”, darī- in dardarī-ti, darī-man- with ī for i = ǝ (compare Wackernagel O.Ind. Gk. 1 20), barely after Persson Beitr. 779 of the i-basis; Pers. Inf. dirīδan, darīδan, jũd.-pers. darīn-išn; Maybe Alb. (*düras) dërrasë “board, plank (cut wood)”, dërrmonj “destroy, break, exhaust, tire”. Dardani Illyr. TN

    Note: The name Dardani Illyr. TN and [Latin transcription: Dōrieĩ s] Greek: Δωριει̃ς, Att. -ιη̃ς derive from the same root. Dardanus by Micha F. Lindemans The son of Zeus and Electra. He sailed from Samothrace to Troas in a raft made of hides. He eventually married Batea, the daughter of King Teucer, who gave him land near Abydos. There he founded the city of Dardania (the later, ill-fated city of Troy). Hence the name Dardanelles for what was once called the Hellespont. DARA DARA (Dara, Ptol. vi. 8. § 4). 1. A small river of Carmania, at no great distance from the frontier of Persis. There can be little doubt that it is the same as the Dora of Marcian (Peripl. p. 21) and the Daras of Pliny (vi. 25. s. 28). Dr. Vincent conjectures (Voyage of Nearchus, vol. i. p. 372) that it is the same as the Dara-bin or Derra-bin of modern charts. 2. A city in Parthia. [APAVARCTICENE] 3. A city in Mesopotamia. [DARAS] [V.] DARADAE DARADAE the name of Ethiopian tribes in two different parts of Africa; one about the central part, in Darfour (Daradôn ethnos, Ptol. iv. 7. § 35), the other in the W., on the river DARADUS also called Aethiopes Daratitae. (Polyb. ap Plin. v. 1; Agathem. ii. 5.) [P. S.] DARADAX DARADAX (Daradax), a Syrian river, mentioned only by Xenophon (Anab. i. 4. § 10). It has been identified with the Far, a small tributary of the Euphrates. At the source of the river was a palace of Belesis, then satrap of Syria, with a large and beautiful park, which were destroyed by Cyrus the Younger. (Anab. l. c.) [G.W.] DARADUS DARADUS, DARAS, or DARAT (Darados ê Daras, Ptol. iv. 6. § 6), a river of Africa, falling into the Atlantic on the W. coast, near the Portus Magnus, and containing crocodiles (Plin. v. 1); probably the Gambia or Dio d”Ouro. [P. S.] DARAE DARAE a Gaetulian tribe in the W. of Africa, on a mountain stream called Dara, on the S. steppes of M. Atlas, adjacent to the Pharusii. (Plin. v. 1; Oros. i. 2; Leo Afr. p. 602.) [P. S.] DARADRAE DARADRAE (Daradrai, Ptol. vii. 1. § 42), a mountain tribe who lived in the upper Indus. Forbiger conjectures that they are the same people whom Strabo (xv. p. 706) calls Derdae, and Pliny Dardae (vi. 19), and perhaps as the Dadicae of Herodotus (iii. 91, vii. 66). It is possible, however, that these latter people lived still further to the N., perhaps in Sogdiana, though their association with the Gandarii (Sanscrit Gandháras) points to a more southern locality. [V.] DARANTASIA DARANTASIA a place in Gallia Narbonensis. DARAPSA DARAPSA [BACTRIANA p. 365, a.] DARDAE DARADRAE DARADRAE (Daradrai, Ptol. vii. 1. § 42), a mountain tribe who lived in the upper Indus. Forbiger conjectures that they are the same people whom Strabo (xv. p. 706) calls Derdae, and Pliny Dardae (vi. 19), and perhaps as the Dadicae of Herodotus (iii. 91, vii. 66). It is possible, however, that these latter people lived still further to the N., perhaps in Sogdiana, though their association with the Gandarii (Sanscrit Gandháras) points to a more southern locality. [V.] DARDANI DARDANI (Dardanoi), a tribe in the south-West of Moesia, and extending also over a part of Illyricum. (Strab. vii. p. 316; Ptol. iii. 9. § 2; Caes. Bell. Civ. iii. 4; Liv. xl. 57; Plin. iii. 29; Cic. p. Sest. 43) According to Strabo, they were a very wild and filthy race, living in caves under dunghills, but very fond of music. [L. S.] Av. darǝdar- (see above) ‘split”, Inf. dǝrǝną m (: O.Ind. dr̥ṇǘti), Iter. düraya-, participle dǝrǝtō (= O.Ind. dr̥tá-); Arm. teṙem “ skin, flay, make callous” (because of ṙ probably for root form *der-s-, Persson Beitr. 779 Anm. 1); doubtful Arm. tar “foreign land”, tara- “besides, without, afar”, taray Aor. “take to one’s heels, made oneself scarce” (Persson Beitr. 778 a 2); Gk. δέρω ‘skin, flay”, i̯o-present δείρω ds. (as Lith. derù besides diriù), Aor. pass. ἐδάρην, participle δρατός, δαρτός (= O.Ind. dr̥tá-); δορός “hose” (= O.Ind. dara-, Ltv. nuõ-daras); δάρσις “the skinning” (= O.Ind. dŕ̥ti-), next to which with (has changed) lengthened grade Att. δέρρις, -εως ‘skin, leathery dress, cover”; *δέρτρον, diss. δέτρον “ the membrane which contains the bowels “; δέρας, -ατος n. ‘skin, fur” (heavy basis?), δέρος n., δέρμα n., δορά “fell, fur”; lengthened grade δῆρις, -ιος (poet.) “fight, struggle”(= O.Ind. -düri-); here probably also δαρ-δαίνω “ bedraggle “ instead of *δαρ-δαίρω (: O.Ind. dár-dar-ti)? Welsh Corn. Bret. darn “piece, part” (= O.Ind. dīrṇ á -); Goth. dis-taíran (= Gk. δέρω) “break, pull apart”, ga-taíran “tear, destroy”, O.E. teran “tear”, O.H.G. zeran, fir-zeran “tear, destroy”; M.H.G. (ver)zern, Ger. (ver)zehren “consume”, M.Eng., M.L.G. terren “quarrel, squabble”, N.Ger. terren, tarren ‘stir, tease, irritate, banter”, O.H.G. zerren “pull”; Goth. intrans. dis-, ga-taúrnan “tear” (: O.Ind. dr̥ṇǘti), Du. tornen “ unstitch, unpick, take apart “, compare nominal O.E. O.S. torn, O.H.G. zorn “anger, fight, violent displeasure “ and in original meaning Du. torn “ cleavage, separation” (= O.Ind. dīrṇ á -, Welsh darn; also O.Ind. dīrṇ á - is named besides ‘split” also “ confused, put in desperation “); next to which zero grade O.N. tjǫrn f. (*dernü), tjarn n. (*dernom) ‘small sea”, originally probably “ water hole “ (compare O.Ind. dara-, darī “hole in the earth”); causative is trod to ga-taúrnan (iterative) gatarnjan “mug, rob” (but O.H.G. uozurnen “ despise “ Denom. of *uo-zorn); Goth. gataúra m. “crack”, gataúrÞs f. “destruction” (= O.Ind. dr̥ti-, Gk. δάρσις); O.N. torð- in compounds, O.E. tord n. “ordure” (*dr̥-tóm “ separation “, compare Ltv. dìrstu, dìrst “ defecate “, dir̃sa “ buttocks “, Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 470, and of a guttural extension M.H.G. zurch, zũrch m. “ animal excrements “); Maybe truncated Alb. dhjes “ defecate “: Ltv. dìrstu, dìrst “ defecate “. besides of the heavy basis O.N. trōð n. “batten, lath, support from poles” (*drō-to-m), M.H.G. truoder f. “ slat, pole, from it manufactured rack “; O.H.G. trü̆ da “fringe” (Ger. Troddel), M.H.G. trōdel (for *trüdel) “ tassel, wood fiber “; actually to der-(e)u- (see under) with nasal infix belong *dr̥-nu̯-ō in M.H.G. trũnne f. “ running shoal, migration, swarm; surge “, O.H.G. abe-trunnig, ab-trunne “ apostate “, anttrunno “ fugitive “, and *dren-u̯ō in trinnan “ seclude oneself “, M.H.G. trinnen, trann “ be separated from, depart from, run away “, Ger. entrinnen (*ent-trinnen), Kaus. Gmc. *tranni̯an in M.H.G. trennen “cut, clip”, Ger. trennen, Du. (with transposition) tarnen, tornen ‘separate” (the latter, in any case, more directly to derive from *der- ‘split”; nn of Gmc. *trennan from -nu̯-); certainly here Swe. dial. trinna, trenta “ split fence rack “, further with the meaning “ split trunk piece as a disc, wheel “ O.H.G. trennila “ball”, trennilōn “roll”, M.L.G. trint, trent “ circular “, trent m. “ curvature, roundness, circular line “, O.E. trinde f. (or trinda m.) “round clump”, M.H.G. trindel, trendel “ ball, circle, wheel “ under likewise With fractured reduplication or formant -d- (compare Gk. δαρδαίνω and Cz. drdati) and from “tear, tug unkindly” explainable meaning probably here Gmc. *trat-, *trut- in O.E. teart “ stern, sharp, bitter “, M.Du. torten, Du. tarten ‘stir, tease, irritate, challenge, defy “, M.L.G. trot “ contrariness “, M.H.G. traz, truz, -tzes “ obstructiveness, animosity, contrariness “, Ger. Trotz, Trutz, trotzen, bO.Ir. tratzen “banter”; with the meaning-development “ fray “ - “thin, fine, tender” perhaps (?)M.L.G. tertel, tertlīk “fine, dainty, mollycoddled “, Dan. tærtet “ squeamish “ (perhaps also Nor. dial. tert, tart ‘small salmon”, terta “ small play ball “); O.H.G. Ger. zart (the last from *dor-tō-, compare M.Pers. dart “ afflicted “, Pers. derd “pain” Wood KZ. 45, 70); Lith. diriù (: δείρω), žem. derù (: δέρω), dìrti “flay, cut off the grass or peat” (heavy basis compared with O.Ind. dŕ̥ti-, Gk. δάρσις, Goth. gataúrÞs), nudìrtas “ flayed “, Ltv. nuõdara “ pole with cut branches, bread slice “, pl. -as “ dross, esp. of bast” (: Mũhlenbach-Endzelin II 772, O.Ind. dara-, Gk. δορός), Lith. dernà “board, plank, balk”; with u-colored zero grade Lith. duriù, dùrti “prick” (preterit dū́ riau) = Serb. ù-drim (ù-driti) “hit” (Russ. u-dyrítъ “hit” with iterative grade to *dъr-, compare Lith. dū́ riau, Berneker 179 f.). Against it are Lith. dur̃nas “ frenzied, stupid”, Ltv. dur̃ns borrowed from Slav.; compare Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 519. Slav. *derō and *diriō in O.C.S. derǫ, dьrati “rend, flay” and *dьrǫ (Serb. zȁdrēm, Cz. dru); u-darjǫ, u-dariti “hit” (*dōr-, compare *dēr- in Gk. δῆρις), with iterative grade raz-dirati “tear”, Serb. ìz-dirati “ exert oneself, (maltreat oneself); clear off, pass away, disappear “ (in addition O.C.S. dira “crack”; s. Berneker 201, whereas also about the meaningdevelopment of probably related family Serb. díra “ hole, crack “, Bulg. dír”a “ track of a person or animal, or from wheels “, dír”ъ ‘search, seek, feel, pursue”); about *dъr- in Serb. ù-drim see above; nouns: with ē-grade Sloven. u-dę̂r “blow, knock”, with ŏ-grade O.C.S. razdorъ “crack, cleavage “ (= O.Ind. dara-, Gk. δορός, Ltv. nuõ-daras), Serb. ù-dorac “attack, with zero grade (IE *dr̥to-): serb Church Slavic raz-drьtь “ lacerate “, Clr. dértyj “ torn, flayed “ (= O.Ind. dr̥ta-); IE *dr̥ti- : Russ. dertь “ residue of crushed grain, bran; cleared land “ (= O.Ind. dŕ̥ti- etc); Russ. (etc) dërnъ “lawn, meadow” (: O.Ind. dīrná - etc, meaning as in Lith. dir̃ti “cut the lawn grass”); Maybe Alb. (*dermó) dërrmoj “exhaust”. Russ. dermó “ rags stuff, the unusable, rubbish, dirt “ (*dross by splitting, peeling), dërkij “rash, hasty, fast “, dranь f. “ shingle, lath”, drjanь = “dermó”, dráka “ brawl “, drač “nail puller, tool used to remove nails”, o-dríny pl. “chaff” etc. With l- extended Lith. nu-dìrlioti “peel the skin”, Serb. dr̂ljüm, dŕljati “harrow”, dr̂ljīm, dŕljiti “divest” (Berneker 255); Toch. AB tsär- ‘separate, split”, tsrorye “cleft, fissure, crack” (Pedersen Toch. Sprachg. 19). d(e)rī- (: *derēi-?) only barely covered (see esp. Persson Beitr. 779 f.): Gk. δρῑ-μύς “(incisive, splitting) piercing, sharp, herb, bitter” (probably after ὀξύς reshaped from *δρῑ-μός or -σμός), Ltv. drīsme “crack, scratch “, perhaps (if not derailment of ablaut to Lith. dreskiù because of whose zero grade drisk-) from Ltv. drìksna (*drīskna) “ scratch “, draĩska “ tearer “, compare Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 488 f., 500; remains far off δρῖλος “ bloodsucker, leech, penis”, lit. “ the swollen “, to δριάουσαν θάλλουσανHes. (M. Scheller briefl.). With u- forms of the light (der-eu-) and heavy basis (derǝ-u-, dr̥̄-u-) “ tear, (the land) break, burst, erupt “: dorǝ-u̯ü: dr̥̄-u̯ü ‘species of grain”, deru-, de-dru- etc “lacerate skin”. M.Pers. drūn, drūdan “reap”; about Gmc. forms with nasal infix see above S. 207; here O.N. trjōna f. (*dreu-n-ōn-) “ proboscis of the pig” (“bursting, burrowing “), trȳni n. ds., M.H.G. triel (*dreu-lo-) m. ‘snout, muzzle, mouth, lip”, maybe Alb.Gheg (*trȳni) turini, Tosc turiri “mouth of animals, snout” Nor. dial. mūle-trjosk, -trusk (*dreu-sko-) “horse muzzle” (Falk-Torp under tryne). Because of the meaning insecure is Falk-Torps apposition under trøg and trygle of O.N. trauða “ lack, come short “, trauðla adv. “barely”, trauðr “ querulous “ and - with g-extension - O.E. trū̆ cian “ be absent, lack, come short “ (nEng. dial. to truck “to fail”, M.L.G. trũggelen “beg, cheat, deceive”); Ltv. drugt “ diminish, collapse “ (Ir. droch, Welsh drwg “ penurious, evil, bad” from kextension?, Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 505). O.Ind. dū́ rvü “ millet grass “ (dr̥̄-u̯ü); compare Gk. delph. δαράτα f., Thess. δάρατος m. “bread” (*dr̥ǝ-), Maced. δράμις ds.; Gaul. (Lat.) dravoca “ ryegrass “ (*drǝ-u̯-); Bret. draok, dreok, Welsh drewg ds. are borrowed from RomO.N. (Kleinhans bei Wartburg III 158); M.Du. tanve, terwe, Du. tarwe “wheat”, Eng. tare “weed, ryegrass, vetch” (Gmc. *tar-u̯ō, IE *dorǝu̯ ü); Lith. dìrva “farmland” (*dr̥̄-u̯ü, with intonation change the ü-stem), lit. “ freed, cleared “, dirvónas “ virgin soil, land “ (compare to meaning Russ. dial. dor “ new tillage, cultivated land “, rózdertь “ land made arable “), Ltv. druva “the tilled farmland, sown field “ (Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 470, 505), Russ. (see Berneker 186) derévnja “ village (without church); land property “, dial. “piece of field”, pášet derévnju “tills the field”; with the meaning “ skin rash “ (‘splitting off skin flakes, cracked skin”): O.Ind. dar-dru- m. “kind of skin rash “, dar-dū́ - m. (uncovered), da-drú- m., da-dru-ka- m. “ leprosy “; Lat. derbita f. “lichen” is Lw. from Gaul. *dervēta (compare also M.Ir. deir, O.Ir. *der from *derü “lichen”), to Welsh tarwyden, tarwden (pl. tarwed) (besides darwyden through influence of the prefix group t-ar-, Pedersen KG. I 495), M.Bret. dervoeden, Bret. deroueden ‘sick of lichen “(*deru̯-eit-); Gmc. *te-tru- in O.E. teter ‘skin rash”, O.H.G. zittaroh (*de-dru-ko-s = O.Ind. dadruka-), Ger. Zitterich ‘skin rash”; Lith. dedervine ̃ “ rash resembling lichen “ (Trautmann 47, Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 450; compare in similar meaning of the root form *der- Cz. o-dra, pl. o-dry “ prickly heat, miliaria, heat rash”, Pol. o-dra “ measles “, of the g-extension Bulg. drъ́gnъ-se “ rub myself, itch myself, become scabby “); dereg- : MDutch treken st. V. “pull, tear” and ‘shudder”, O.H.G. trehhan “ push, poke, intermittently tear, scrape, cover scraping “, *trakjan in M.L.G. trecken “pull, tear (tr. intr.)”, O.E. træglian “to pluck”, wherewith because of the same vocal position maybe is to be connected to Ltv. dragât “pull, rend, upset, shake”, draguls “ shivering fit “, drüga “a strong angry person, renders and demands a lot “; Ltv. drigelts, drigants, Lith. drigãntas ‘stallion” are Lw. from Pol. drygant; compare Būga Kalba ir s. 128, Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 498. deregh- (see Persson root extension 26, Berneker 254 and 212 m. Lith.): O.E. tiergan (Gmc. *targi̯an) “banter, stir, tease, irritate”, M.L.G. tergen, targen “pull, stir, tease, irritate”, Du. tergen, Ger. zergen “pull, tear, anger”, Swe. dial. targa “ tug with the teeth or sharp tools “, Nor. dial. terga “banter”; Lith. dìrginu, dìrginti “ flurry, irritate, stimulate, excite, pull (the trigger of a gun) “; Russ. dërgatь “pluck, pull, tear, rend “ (etc), sú-doroga “cramp”. derek-: Δρέκανον name of foreland in Kos (as Δρέπανον plural as name of forelands, Bugge BB. 18, 189), δόρκαι κονίδες, δερκύλλειν αἱμοποτεῖν (actually “tear the skin open” as analogous meaning δερμύλλειν) Hes.; Gk. δόρπος m., δόρπον n. ‘supper” (*dork- + u̯o-forms) = Alb. darkë ‘supper, evening” (unclear the ablaut relation in drekë “lunch, middle of the day”; compare Persson Beitr. 8591); perhaps to (N.Illyr.?) PN Δρακούινα (leg. Δαρκούινα?) in Wurttemberg, as “ place to rest “;

    Note: This seems wrong etymology since Alb. drekë “lunch, middle of the day” seems to have derived from Root derk-̂ : “to look, light”; Gk. δέρκομαι “ look, keep the eyes open, be alive”, δέδορκα, ἔδρακον, δέρξις “vision”, δέργμα ‘sight”, δεργμός “look, gaze”, δυσ-δέρκετος “heavy to behold” (= O.Ind. darc̨ata-), ὑπόδρα adv. “one looking up from below”, δράκος n. “eye”, δράκων, -οντος “dragon, snake” (from banishing, paralyzing look), fem. δράκαινα; Alb. dritë “light” (*dr̥k-tü); According to Alb. phonetic laws Alb. dritë “light” derived from (dr̥ik-a) not (*dr̥k-tü) because of common Alb. -k- > -th- phonetic mutations; maybe Alb. (*darc̨ata-), darkë ‘supper, evening meal, evening”; (*drech), drekë “dinner meal, midday, light of the day”: O.Ir. an-dracht “ loathsome, dark” (see above). Sloven. dr̂kam, dr̂čem, dr̂kati “ glide, slither, on the ice trail; run, trot run “ (probably from “clear off, run away, leave”), Cz. drkati “bump, poke, jolt”, Bulg. dъ́rcam, drъ́cnъ “ pull, riffle flax, hemp “ (Berneker 255, Persson Beitr. 85, 359). deres-: Arm. teṙem (see above under der-); M.Ir. dorr “anger”, dorrach “rough, coarse” (see Persson Beitr. 779 Anm. 1); presumably O.E. teors, O.H.G. zers “penis”, Nor. ters “nail”; also O.N. tjasna f. “kind of nail” from *tersnōn-?, Nor. trase “rag, clout”, trasast “ become ragged”, tras “deadwood”, trask “offal, deadwood”; Maybe Alb. trastë “bag, (ragged cloth?)”, tras “pull (a boat on the coast) : Rom. trage “pull” Sloven. drásati “ disband, separate”, Cz. drásati ‘scratch, scrape, stripe”, drasta, drásta ‘splinter, scrap, shred; garment “, draslavū “rough, jolting “, zero grade drsen “rough”, drsnatū “ jolting “(compare above M.Ir. dorr). dre-sk: Lith. su-dryskù, -driskaũ, -drìksti “tear”, dreskiù, dreskiaũ, -dre ̃ksti “ rend “, draskaũ, draskūti iter. “tear”, Ltv. draskât ds., draska “rag”, Lith. drėkstìnė lentà “ crafty slat, thinly split wood “ (Leskien abl. 325, Berneker 220, 224)., Bulg. dráskam, dráštъ (*draščǫ ) “ scratch, scrape; fit tightly “, perfective drásnъ (*drasknǫ); dráska “ scratcher, crack”; Cz. old z-dřies-kati and (with assimilation of auslaut and a sounding anlaut) z-dřiezhati “break, rupture”, dřieska, dřiezha ‘splinter, chip, splinter”, nowadays dřízha “chip, splinter”; Pol. drzazga ‘splinter”; With formant -p-: drep-, drop-: O.Ind. drüpí -ḥ m. “mantle, dress”, drapsá-ḥ m. “banner (?)” (= Av. drafša- “banner, ensign, flag, banner”), Lith. drãpanos f. pl. “ household linen, dress”, Ltv. drãna (probably *drüp-nü) ‘stuff, kerchief, cloth”; Gallo-Rom. drappus “kerchief, cloth” (PN Drappō, Drappus, Drappes, Drapōnus) is probably Ven.-Illyr. Lw.; the a-vowel from IE o or, as das -pp-, expressive; Gk. δρέπω “ break off, cut off, pick “, δρεπάνη, δρέπανον ‘sickle”, also δράπανον (out of it Alb. drapën ‘sickle” ds.), that is defined through assimilation of δρεπάνη to *δραπάνη; ograde δρώπτω διακόπτω Hes. (= Serb. drâpljēm), δρῶπαξ, -κος “ Pechpflaster, um Haareauszuziehen “, δρωπακίζω “pull the hair out”; O.N. trǫf n. pl. “ fringes “, trefr f. pl. ds., trefja “rub, wear out”, M.H.G. trabe f. “fringe”; *drōp- in Russ. drjápa-ju, -tь (with unclear ja), dial. drápatь, drapátь ‘scratch, rend “, Serb. drâpüm, drâpljēm, drápati “tear, wear out; scratch, scrape”, Pol. drapać ‘scratch, scrape, scrape, rub, flee”; dr̥p-, Slav. *dьrp- in Bulg. dъ́rpam, perfective drъ́pnъ “ tear, pull, drag “, Serb. dr̂püm, dŕpati and dȑpīm, dȑpiti “ rend “; Bal.-Slav. dreb-, drob- ‘scrap, shred, dress” in Ltv. dre ́be f. ‘stuff, dress, laundry”, Lith. dróbė f. “canvas, fabric”, drãbanas m. “rag, scrap, shred”, drabùžis, drobùžis m. “dress”; O.Sor. draby m. pl. “ dress stuff “, Cz.- mähr. zdraby m. pl. “rag, scrap, shred” have probably through influence the root *drob- (see under dhrebh-) “carve, slit, dismember “ -b- instead of -p-; drip-: Gaul. (Ven.-Illyr.) PN Drippia, Drippōnius (compare above Drappus etc);

    Note: Alb. drapën ‘sickle” : (Ven.-Illyr.) PN Drippōnius Bulg. drípa “rag, scrap, shred”, Sloven. drîpam (drîpljem), drípati “tear, have diarrhea”, Cz. dřípa ‘scrap, shred”, dřípati “ rend, tear”; drup-: Gk. δρύπτω “ scratch”, ἀποδρύπτω, -δρύφω (with secondary φ instead of π, s. Persson Beitr. 859) “ scrub, flay off the skin”, δρυφή “ scratching, peeling “, δρυπίς “a kind of thorn “. For variation of a : i : u in “ popular words “ compare Wissmann Nomina postverbalia 162 ff.

    References: WP. I 797 ff., WH. I 342 f., 373, 861, Trautmann 51 f.